CHAPTER 4 EXERCISE 20 O'MALLEY

A. French
1. The adjective in French follows the noun, but in English it precedes the noun.
2. French does not use an auxiliary verb to express the future tense, as does English.
3. In French, adjectives are pluralized for plural nouns, but they are not pluralized in English.

B. Japanese
1. English does not have subject and object markers like Japanese does.
2. In Japanese the object comes before the verb; in English it follows the verb.
3. In Japanese the auxiliary verb follows the action verb; in English it precedes the action verb.
4. In Japanese, the present participial verb phrase is expressed as an infinitive (+ auxiliary verb). In English, the present participle is expressed by adding -ing to the infinitive (preceded by the auxiliary verb).

C. Swahili
1. Swahili has class markers; English does not.
2. In Swahili the subject noun is followed by a pronoun that indicates number. In English the subject noun stands alone.
3. In Swahili, there is an affix that marks the present tense. In English, there is not.
4. In Swahili, the plural form of the object is understood. In English it is marked with the affix -s.

D.  Korean
1. Korean has subject, object, and assertion markers; English does not.
2. In Korean, the object precedes the verb, but in English it follows the verb.
3. In Korean, the wh- "word" is an affix attached to the verb; in English the wh- word comes first in the sentence.

E. Tagalog
1. Tagalog has topic markers; English does not.
2. In Tagalog, adverbs that modify adjectives follow the adjective; in English, they precede the adjective.
3. In Tagalog, the complementizer is an affix to the subject, but in English the complementizer is a separate word.
4. In Tagalog, the verb precedes the subject; in English the subject precedes the verb.
5. In Tagalog, the subordinate clause does not use an intransitive verb when the subject of the clause is being described; in English, the subordinate clause does use an intransitive verb when describing the subject of the clause.